A Journal of University-Industry-Government Innovation and Entrepreneurship
Table 1 West African scientific output (number of publications) per Triple Helix actor (2001 to 2010)
From: Information flow within the West African innovation systems
U | I | G | UI | UG | IG | UIG | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2001 | 780 | 3 | 447 | 1 | 103 | 1 | 0 | 1,335 |
2002 | 884 | 6 | 454 | 0 | 129 | 1 | 0 | 1,474 |
2003 | 925 | 8 | 482 | 3 | 156 | 1 | 0 | 1,575 |
2004 | 1,011 | 4 | 463 | 2 | 151 | 0 | 0 | 1,631 |
2005 | 1,410 | 6 | 657 | 3 | 252 | 1 | 0 | 2,329 |
2006 | 1,507 | 6 | 644 | 4 | 238 | 0 | 2 | 2,401 |
2007 | 2,086 | 7 | 735 | 7 | 327 | 1 | 0 | 3,163 |
2008 | 2,356 | 10 | 747 | 13 | 400 | 4 | 3 | 3,533 |
2009 | 2,756 | 7 | 739 | 11 | 427 | 1 | 1 | 3,942 |
2010 | 2,684 | 12 | 926 | 12 | 497 | 2 | 2 | 4,135 |
Total | 16,399 | 69 | 6,294 | 56 | 2,680 | 12 | 8 | 25,518 |