A Journal of University-Industry-Government Innovation and Entrepreneurship
Table 4 Mutual information, entropies, efficiency and transmission power in the West African national innovation system (2001 to 2010)
From: Information flow within the West African innovation systems
Country | H UI | H UG | H IG | T UI | T UG | T IG | H UIG | T UIG | η(%) | τ(%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Benin | 999.693 | 1,292.234 | 980.815 | 0.00 | 688.274 | 0.00 | 1,292.234 | 0.00 | 46.03 | 0.00 |
Burkina Faso | 955.336 | 1,255.31 | 958.565 | 0.375 | 542.153 | 1.057 | 1,255.310 | −5.503 | 44.72 | 1.00 |
Cape Verde | 1,241.939 | 1,362.402 | 1,222.163 | 42.849 | 525.696 | 99.351 | 1,362.402 | −216.902 | 48.53 | 24.51 |
Cote d'Ivoire | 1,003.003 | 1,335.648 | 999.688 | 0.635 | 654.285 | 0.66 | 1,335.648 | −5.731 | 47.58 | 0.87 |
Gambia | 305.401 | 358.848 | 203.43 | 0.00 | 149.982 | 0.00 | 358.848 | 0.00 | 12.78 | 0.00 |
Ghana | 1,047.245 | 143.309 | 1,085.431 | 7.114 | 529.522 | 5.228 | 1,464.74 | −47.321 | 52.18 | 8.03 |
Guinea | 920.677 | 1,099.2 | 841.019 | 5.678 | 496.54 | 28.368 | 1,099.2 | −65.955 | 39.15 | 11.06 |
Guinea Bissau | 572.369 | 706.835 | 383.464 | 0.00 | 248.998 | 0.00 | 706.835 | 0.00 | 25.18 | 0.00 |
Liberia | 976.021 | 1,288.65 | 902.393 | 0.00 | 589.764 | 0.00 | 1,288.65 | 0.00 | 45.9 | 0.00 |
Mali | 999.427 | 1,301.385 | 990.104 | 0.00 | 688.146 | 0.00 | 1,301.385 | 0.00 | 46.36 | 0.00 |
Niger | 976.946 | 1,135.453 | 957.932 | 0.00 | 799.336 | 0.00 | 1,135.543 | 0.00 | 40.45 | 0.00 |
Nigeria | 696.48 | 1,027.455 | 850.4 | 9.091 | 370.181 | 0.53 | 1,066.119 | −31.148 | 37.98 | 7.58 |
Senegal | 1,011.925 | 1,318.699 | 1,002.108 | 1.293 | 670.551 | 1.469 | 1,318.688 | −11.011 | 46.97 | 1.61 |
Sierra Leone | 1,106.157 | 1,386.951 | 1,085.815 | 15.927 | 594.332 | 21.284 | 1,386.951 | −86.739 | 49.4 | 12.08 |
Togo | 1,007.537 | 1,279.648 | 1,020.604 | 2.728 | 707.221 | 2.195 | 1,279.648 | −18.175 | 45.58 | 2.49 |