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A Journal of University-Industry-Government Innovation and Entrepreneurship

Table 1 R&D inputs and the weight of R&D performing sectors, EU27, 2000 and 2012 (%)

From: Types of knowledge and diversity of business-academia collaborations: implications for measurement and policy

 

2000

2012

GERD/GDP

1.85

2.08

Share of researchers (FTE) in total employment

0.54

0.77

Business sector

  

BERD/GERD

63.75

62.36

Share of business researchers (FTE)

46.00

46.48

Higher education sector

  

HERD/GERD

21.18

23.88

Share of HE researchers (FTE)

37.69

40.16

Government sector

  

GOVERD/GERD

14.29

12.89

Share of government researchers (FTE)

15.24

12.17

  1. Source: Eurostat and author’s calculation based on Eurostat data