A Journal of University-Industry-Government Innovation and Entrepreneurship
Table 4 Output-specific reference share ρ for efficient DMUs being benchmarks for inefficient DMUs in percent
From: Efficiency of the knowledge triangle policy in the EU member states: DEA approach
DMU | High-technology exports (% exports) | Scientific and technical publications per billion PPPS GDP | SME introducing marketing/organisational innovations (% of SME) | Average rank by ρ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Estonia | 70.11 | 62.05 | 49.44 | 1 |
Slovenia | 6.30 | 11.92 | 14.38 | 2.3 |
Portugal | 7.75 | 7.98 | 3.51 | 3 |
Germany | 4.19 | 5.46 | 7.95 | 4.3 |
Denmark | 3.29 | 6.49 | 7.91 | 4.6 |
Romania | 4.97 | 3.31 | 2.45 | 6 |
Sweden | 1.83 | 1.50 | 2.84 | 7 |
Ireland | 0.39 | 0.16 | 2.40 | 8.6 |
Netherland | 0.18 | 0.13 | 3.27 | 8.6 |
France | 0.31 | 0.23 | 1.72 | 9 |