A Journal of University-Industry-Government Innovation and Entrepreneurship
Types/ Organizational Characteristic | Type 1 OTTOs | Type 2 RTTOs | Type 3 UREs | Type 4 USPs | Type 5 UOEs | Type 6 NERCs | Type 7 URJRI | Type 8 UEJRC | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1.Degree of disciplinary specialization | Discipline integrated | X | X | X | X | X | |||
Discipline specialized | X | X | X | ||||||
2.Degree of task specialization | Fully integrated | X | X | X | X | ||||
Backward integrated | X | X | |||||||
Forward integrated | X | X | |||||||
3. Level of autonomy | Dependent | X | X | X | X | ||||
Semi-dependent | X | X | X | ||||||
Independent | X | ||||||||
4.Degree of exclusivity | Exclusive | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||
Non-exclusive | X | X | |||||||
5.Professionalization | High level | X | X | X | X | ||||
Low level | X | X | X | X | |||||
6.Standardization | High level | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |
Low Level | X |