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A Journal of University-Industry-Government Innovation and Entrepreneurship

Table 10 Models and organizational characteristics of UTTOs at Tsinghua University

From: Towards a typology of university technology transfer organizations in China: evidences from Tsinghua University

Types/

Organizational Characteristic

Type 1

OTTOs

Type 2

RTTOs

Type 3

UREs

Type 4

USPs

Type 5

UOEs

Type 6

NERCs

Type 7

URJRI

Type 8

UEJRC

1.Degree of disciplinary specialization

Discipline integrated

X

X

 

X

X

 

X

 

Discipline specialized

  

X

  

X

 

X

2.Degree of task specialization

Fully integrated

 

X

 

X

 

X

X

 

Backward integrated

X

      

X

Forward integrated

  

X

 

X

   

3. Level of autonomy

Dependent

 

X

X

  

X

 

X

Semi-dependent

   

X

X

 

X

 

Independent

X

       

4.Degree of exclusivity

Exclusive

X

X

X

 

X

X

 

X

Non-exclusive

   

X

  

X

 

5.Professionalization

High level

 

X

 

X

X

 

X

 

Low level

X

 

X

  

X

 

X

6.Standardization

High level

X

X

 

X

X

X

X

X

Low Level

  

X

     
  1. X: indicates that the type of university technology transfer organizations has the organizational characteristics on the left side of the column