A Journal of University-Industry-Government Innovation and Entrepreneurship
From: The Triple Helix after communism: Russia and China compared
Field | 2001–2005 (%) | 2007–2011 (%) |
---|---|---|
Physics | 8.72 | 7.22 |
Space science | 7.56 | 6.69 |
Geosciences | 7.51 | 6.57 |
Mathematics | 5.35 | 4.61 |
Chemistry | 5.49 | 4.44 |
Materials science | 4.06 | 3.03 |
All fields | 2.99 | 2.07 |
Engineering | 2.97 | 1.99 |
Molecular biology and genetics | 2.24 | 1.91 |
Multidisciplinary | 1.29 | 1.79 |
Microbiology | 2.28 | 1.69 |
Biology and biochemistry | 1.97 | 1.60 |
Environment/ecology | 1.04 | 1.23 |
Plant and animal science | 1.23 | 1 .14 |
Computer science | 1.21 | 0.95 |
Agricultural science | 1.14 | 0.79 |
Neuroscience and behavior | 0.74 | 0.65 |
Clinical medicine | 0.68 | 0.57 |
Pharmacology and toxicology | 0.32 | 0.56 |
Social science | 0.80 | 0.44 |
Psychiatry and psychology | 0.63 | 0.42 |
Immunology | 0.35 | 0.41 |
Economics and business | 0.20 | 0.23 |